Allelopathy and Allelochemicals in Grasslands and Forests

Plants can produce and release allelochemicals to interfere with the establishment growth of conspecific interspecific plants. Such allelopathy is an important mediator among plant species in natural managed ecosystems. This review focuses on grasslands forests. Allelopathy drives invasion, exacerbates grassland degradation contributes forest regeneration. Furthermore, autotoxicity (intraspecific allelopathy) frequently occurs pastures tree plantations. Various specialized metabolites, including phenolics, terpenoids nitrogen-containing compounds from herbaceous woody are responsible for Terpenoids a diversity metabolites qualitative occurring annual grasslands, while phenolics few quantitative perennial Importantly, mediate below-ground ecological interactions plant–soil feedback, subsequently affecting biodiversity, productivity sustainability Interestingly, allelopathic plants discriminate identity neighbors via signaling chemicals, adjusting production allelochemicals. Therefore, chemicals synergistically interact regulate intraspecific forests have provided fascinating insights into plant–plant their consequences sustainability, contributing our understanding terrestrial ecosystems global changes.